The Passive Voice of an Object and a Complement,infinitive,Noun clause
Active and passive voice
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एक Object व एक Complement वाले वाक्यों की Passive
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यदि Activeवाले वाक्य में एक Object व एक Complement आया हो तो Pasive बनाते उस Object को Subject बना देते हैं तथा Complement को उसी के स्थान पर रहने देते हैं।
Active-The public made him leader.
Passive-He was made leader by the public.
-- इस वाक्य में him-Object है तथा leader-Complement है।
Complement उसे कहते हैं जो वाक्य के अंत में जुड़ कर वाक्य के अर्थ को पूरा करता है।
Active-They made him king.
Passive-He was made king by them.
Active-Garima painted the picture green.
Passive-The picture was painted green by Garima.
Active-The boys elected Gopal captain.
Passive-Gopal was elected captain by the boys.
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यदि Active Voice के वाक्य का स्वरूप इस प्रकार का हो -
Subject+verb+object+present participle
ऐसे वाक्य को Passive Voice में निम्न प्रकार बदले-
Object+Helping Verb(third form)+Present Participle
Active- I saw Ravi playing cricket.
Passive-Ravi was seen playing cricket.
Active-My father heard two men talking about the game.
Passive-Two men were heard talking about the game.
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जब वाक्य का रूप निम्न प्रकार हो-
Subject+verb+object+infinitive
ऐसे वाक्य को Passive Voice में निम्न प्रकार बदले-
Object+helping verb+verb (third form)+infinitive
Active-He requested me to go.
Passive-I was requested to go by him.
Active-Rohan promised him to help.
Passive-He was promised to help by Rohan.
Active-They assured me to come.
Passive-I was assured to come by them.
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जब वाक्य का स्वरूप निम्न प्रकार हो-
Subject+verb+object+noun clause
ऐसे वाक्य को Passive में निम्न प्रकार बदलें-
Object+helping verb+M.V.(third form)+noun clause
Active-He told me that the Sun rises in the east
Passive-I was told(by him) that the Sun rises in the east.
इस प्रकार के वाक्य में Noun Clause में कोई परिवर्तन नहीं करते हैं उसके पहले आने वाले Object को Passive में Subject बना देते हैं तथा Tense के अनुसार सहायक क्रिया लगाते हैं।
Active-I asked her what her profession was.
Passive-She was asked (by me) what her profession was.
Active-The father told his son that he must know his duty.
Passive-His son was told (by the father) that he must know his duty.
जरा इस् उदाहरण को भी देखें-
Active-We hope that we shall get success.
Passive-it is hoped ( by us) that we shall get success.
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जब Active Voice के वाक्य का स्वरूप निम्न प्रकार हो-
There+( to be verbs)+noun+infinitive
इस तरह के वाक्य को Passive में निम्न प्रकार बदलते हैं-
There+verb (to be verbs)+noun+infinitive
infinitive का Passive निम्न प्रकार बनाते हैं-
Infinitive Passive Infinitive
To play to be played
To write to be written
To walk to be walked
To sing to be sung
Examples
Active-There is time to play.
Passive-There is time to be played.
Active-There is time to write.
Passive-There is time to be written.
Active-There is no time to walk.
Passive-There is no time to be walked.
Active-There is no money to waste.
Passive-There is no money to be wasted.
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जब Active Voice वाक्य का Subject कोई अस्पष्ट Subject जैसे(Someone, somebody ,everyone, people)या उस Subject पर जोर न डाला गया हो तो ऐसे वाक्य को Passive मैं बदलते समय by+Object(Active का Subject) वाला भाग नहीं लिखा जाता है। जैसे-
Active-Someone has stolen my book.
Passive-My Book has been stolen.
इसमें by Someone नहीं लिखा जाएगा क्योंकि यह महत्वपूर्ण नहीं है।
Active-Someone help me.
Passive-I was helped.
Active-People were watching the movie.
Passive-The movie was being watched.
Active-People speak English all over the world.
Passive-English is spoken all over the world.
Active-People respected Subhash Chandra Bose all over the country.
Passive-Subhash Chandra Bose was respected all over the country.
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