Narration- Interrogative Sentence
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Interrogative Sentence से प्रश्न का बोध होता है , इस प्रकार के sentences को Indirect में बदलते समय निम्नलिखित बातों का ध्यान रखना चाहिये:
Rule 1. Reporting Verb said to को asked या enquired of में बदल देते हैं ।
Rule 2. प्रश्नवाचक वाक्यों में that ' Conjunction का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता ।
Rule.3. Indirect में प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य को साधारण वाक्य ( Assertive Sentence ) बना देते हैं। प्रश्नवाचक चिह्न ( ? ) हटा दिया जाता है और उसके स्थान पर Full Stop ( . ) का प्रयोग किया जाता है ।
Rule 4. Reported Speech के Pronoun , Verb तथा अन्य शब्दों को Assertive Sentences के नियमों के अनुसार बदलते हैं ।
Rule 5 : जब Direct Speech में ऐसा प्रश्न हो जिसका उत्तर Yes या No में दिया जा सके अर्थात् . Reported Speech किसी सहायक क्रिया ( Auxiliary Verb ) जैसे – is , are , am , was , were, do , does , did , shall , will , has , have , had , can , may आदि से शुरू हुई है तो Indirect Speech को Connective word , if या whether से प्रारम्भ किया जाता है । उसके बाद कर्ता लगाकर फिर से क्रिया का प्रयोग करते हैं । जैसे
1. Direct Hari said to me , “ Are you reading a book ? "
Indirect Hari asked me if I was reading a book.
2. Direct Ram said to Hari , “ Will you go to school today ? ”
Indirect-Ram asked Hari whether he would go to school that day .
3.Direct- I said to him, "Can you tell me what the time is ?"
Indirect- I asked him if he could tell me what the time was.
Rule 6. अगर Reported Speech में सहायक क्रिया do या does हो और उसके बाद not न हो तो Indirect speech बनाते समय do अथवा does को हटा देते हैं , और मुख्य क्रिया को Simple Past Tense में बदल देते हैं । जैसे
1. Direct She said to me , “ Do you know Sohan ? "
Indirect- She asked me whether I knew Sohan .
2.Direct-Sita said to Hari , “ Do you go there?"
Indirect- Sita asked Hari if he went there .
Rule 7. अगर Reported Speech में do या does के बाद not हो तो do या does के स्थान पर did ' कर दिया जाता है । इस प्रकार Reported Speech के Verb का Past Tense स्वत : बन जाता है । जैसे -
1. Direct-Father said to me , “ Do you not obey me ? "
Indirect-Father asked me if I did not obey him .
2. Direct-Ramesh said to his friend , “ Don't you go to college on a rainy day ? "
Indirect-Ramesh asked his friend if he didn't go to college on a rainy day .
Rule 8.यदि Reported Speech में 'did ' Helping Verb है तो इसे हटाकर मुख्य क्रिया को Past Perfect Tense में बदल देते हैं । जैसे -
Direct-He said to me , “ Did you lend me your book ? "
Indirect-He asked me whether I had lent him my book .
Rule 9. यदि Reported Speech प्रश्नसूचक शब्द( what , who , which , whom , whose , when , where,why , how आदि ) से शुरू होता हो तो Indirect Speech में कोई अन्य Connective नहीं लगाया जाना चाहिये । ये शब्द ही स्वयं Connective का कार्य करते हैं । प्रश्नसूचक शब्द के पश्चात् कर्ता लगाकर फिर क्रिया का प्रयोग करते हैं । जैसे-
1.Direct-I said to her , “ Who are you and where are you coming from ? "
Indirect-I enquired of her who she was and where she was coming from .
2. Direct The teacher said to Hari , " Why did you not come to school yesterday ? "
Indirect-The teacher asked Hari why he had not come to school the previous day.
3.Direct-He said to me , “ Where do you live?"
Indirect-He asked me where I lived .
4.Direct-He said to Mohan , “ How much money do you want ? "
Indirect-He asked Mohan how much money he wanted .
Rule 10. Yes ' , ' No ' answer to questions - Reported Speech में आये हुुुए 'Yes' या 'No' के स्थान पर पहले वाक्य के Subject और Verb को दोबारा निम्नलिखित प्रकार लिखते हैं
1.Direct-She said to Reeta , " Can you lend me this watch ? " Reeta said , " Yes . "
Indirect-She asked Reeta if she ( Reeta ) could lend her that watch . Reeta replied that she could.
2. Direct-I said to Anand , " Are you attending the class ? " Anand said , " No. "
Indirect I asked Anand if he was attending the class . Anand said that he wasn't .
नोट- कुछ विद्वान Yes ' को replied in the affirmative तथा ' No ' को replied in the negative में बदलते हैं । जैसे – उपर्युक्त वाक्यों को निम्नलिखित अनुसार भी लिखा जा सकता है :
: Reeta replied in the affirmative . Anand replied in the negative .
कुछ विशेष परिवर्तन
Rule 1. जब पसन्द अथवा विकल्प का भाव स्पष्ट करना हो तो if की अपेक्षा whether का प्रयोग अच्छा माना जाता है । जैसे
1. Direct-The teacher said to Hari , " Do you want to attend the parade or not ? "
Indirect-The teacher asked Hari whether he wanted to attend the parade or not .
2. Direct -The mother said to her son , “ Do you want to have milk or tea ? "
Indirect-The mother asked her son whether he wanted to have milk or tea .
Rule 2. यदि प्रार्थना , सलाह लेने के लिए की गई है तो Indirect Speech में Second या Third Person के Pronouns you , he , she , they आदि के साथ would के स्थान पर should का प्रयोग ही अच्छा माना जाता है । जैसे
Direct-Ravi said , " What shall I do with it , mother ? "
Indirect-Ravi asked his mother what he should do with it .
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